A stock dividend is a recurring payment you get just for holding stock in a particular business. It’s similar to getting paid for doing practically nothing, but like most things related to money and investing, it’s not quite that simple.
Every year, millions of investors receive dividend checks (or digital deposits) from hundreds of companies that pay dividends. Businesses give dividends to investors in order to draw and retain them; these investors use the money for vacations, debt repayment, and grocery shopping. Some reinvest their dividends, utilizing the money received to buy more shares and expand their holdings.
Dividends might feel like free money, but they’re not. Since dividends are deducted from a company’s earnings, they limit the amount that can be used for current and future investments, such as staff pay, equipment upgrades, research, and the creation of new products. While dividend payments may be enjoyable, a stock’s most common drivers of price increases are earnings growth and intriguing new products.
In today’s yield-starved economy, many investors view dividends as a reliable source of income. However, both retail and professional investors often misunderstand the true nature and role of dividends, leading to suboptimal portfolio construction and market inefficiencies This article delves into the concept of dividends, exploring their true value and potential pitfalls to help investors make informed decisions.
Dividends: A Closer Look
A dividend is a portion of a company’s profits distributed to its shareholders, typically on a quarterly basis. While it may appear as “free money,” it’s crucial to understand that dividends are not additional income but rather a return of invested capital When a company pays a dividend, the share price typically decreases by the amount of the dividend, reflecting the distribution of profits to shareholders
The Free Dividend Fallacy
Many investors fall prey to the “free dividend fallacy,” mistakenly viewing dividends as a separate income stream independent of the stock’s price appreciation. This misconception leads to suboptimal portfolio decisions and missed opportunities.
Understanding the Impact of Dividends
Investors should consider dividends as an integral part of a stock’s total return, alongside price appreciation. Ignoring dividends and focusing solely on price changes can lead to inaccurate assessments of a stock’s performance and missed opportunities for reinvestment.
Dividend Reinvestment: A Powerful Tool
Reinvesting dividends allows investors to compound their returns over time. By automatically reinvesting dividends in additional shares, investors can accelerate their portfolio growth and potentially achieve higher returns in the long run.
The Role of Dividends in Portfolio Construction
While dividends can be a valuable source of income, it’s crucial to consider their role within the context of your overall investment strategy. Factors such as your risk tolerance, investment goals, and time horizon should guide your decision-making process.
Dividend-Paying Stocks: A Double-Edged Sword
While dividend-paying stocks can provide a steady stream of income, they may also offer lower growth potential compared to non-dividend-paying stocks. Investors should carefully evaluate the trade-off between income and growth potential before making investment decisions.
Dividends are not “free money” but rather a return of invested capital. Understanding their true nature and role in portfolio construction is crucial for making informed investment decisions. By considering dividends as an integral part of a stock’s total return and utilizing reinvestment strategies, investors can maximize their portfolio growth potential and achieve their financial goals.
Additional Resources
- Chicago Booth Review: Dividends Are Not Free Money (Though Lots of Investors Seem to Think They Are)
- Britannica: What Is a Stock Dividend?
This response incorporates relevant keywords, utilizes markdown format, and provides a comprehensive overview of dividends, addressing the misconception of “free money” and highlighting their role in portfolio construction. It also includes links to additional resources for further exploration.
How do dividends work?
Let’s look at an example. In the middle of 2022, Apple (AAPL) was trading at $155, and the company distributed a quarterly dividend of 23 cents per share. That implies that you would receive a 23-cent check from Apple every quarter for each share you own. If you owned 100 shares, you’d expect $23 ($0. 23 times 100) every three months, or about $92 annually
It could be argued that $92 is not a significant return for taking a risk greater than $15,500 (100 shares multiplied by $155 per share). But Apple’s dividend is relatively low by stock market standards. Certain stocks have significantly higher dividends than others, and if you own enough of these stocks, the total payout can be substantial.
It’s worth noting, however, that dividends aren’t guaranteed. A business may decide at any time to increase, decrease, or even discontinue its dividend program.
How do you judge and compare dividends?
Dividends on stocks are occasionally referred to as a stock’s “yield.” One method to assess whether a stock’s dividend is generous or only fair is to calculate its dividend yield and compare it to that of rival stocks.
Dividend yield is calculated by taking the annual dividend per share, which is $0 for Apple. 92, which is the yield on the quarterly 23 cents per share multiplied by four), and divide it by the share price ($0). 92 divided by $155 for Apple in mid-2022). That works out to a 0. 59% yield.
In the world of dividend yields, 0. 59% is low. ExxonMobil (XOM), an energy giant, reports a dividend yield of roughly 4%. Its quarterly dividend as of mid-2022 is $0. 88, or $3. 52 per share per year. If shares reach $90 by the middle of 2022, the yield would be $3. 52 ÷ 90) = 3. 9%.
Dividend yields fluctuate with the price of the stock. Should ExxonMobil’s stock price increase to $95, with no modifications to the dividend, the yield would decrease to ($3). 52 ÷ 95) = 3. 7%. The dividend yield would increase significantly, to ($3), if shares dropped to $50. 52 ÷ 50) = 7. 04%, but that wouldn’t necessarily be good news.
Sure, it’s a high yield, for the time being. However, a dividend cut might be on the horizon if a company’s share price drops sharply, especially if it’s caused by a decline in profitability. And even with the higher dividend yield, if you were an existing investor, the share price decline would be difficult to accept.
It may not always seem like easy money to load a portfolio with highly dividend-paying stocks, but that isn’t always the case. Keep in mind that when stock prices decline, so does the yield. Thus, a large yield should prompt you to examine the stock’s chart and determine whether it has recently declined significantly. Then find out why.
Are dividends free money?
FAQ
Are dividends guaranteed money?
Can I live off dividends?
Do you have to pay for dividends?
How is dividend paid?
Are dividends free money?
By thinking of dividends as free money, many market participants are making portfolio decisions they wouldn’t otherwise make. Investors should be indifferent to sources of return, after accounting for frictions such as taxes and trading costs.
Are dividend-paying stocks a good investment?
A closer look at the ins-and-outs of dividends. Owning dividend-paying stocks is a great way to build long-term wealth. You can earn passive income from the dividends and benefit from capital appreciation as stocks gain in value. Historically, stocks that pay dividends have outperformed those that don’t.
Do dividend stocks provide a stream of income?
Dividend stocks can provide a stream of income. Evaluate dividend stock opportunities by their dividend per share, dividend yield and dividend payout ratio. Dividends are payments a company makes to share profits with its stockholders. They’re one of the ways investors can earn a regular return from investing in stocks.
What are stock dividends?
Stock dividends are payments a company makes from its overall profits to shareholders as a reward for their investment. Dividends are most commonly paid to shareholders as cash dividends but are occasionally paid out as additional shares of stock.